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Jehan Vaillant
Jehan Vaillant (sometimes spelled Johannes Vayllant) (''fl.'' 1360–90) was a French music composer and theorist. He is named immediately after Guillaume de Machaut by the ''Règles de la seconde rhétorique'', which describes him as a "master … who had a school of music in Paris".〔Quoted in Günther: ''maistre … lequel tenoit à Paris escolle de musique''.〕 Besides five (possibly six) pieces of music surviving to his name, he was also the author of a treatise on tuning.
==Identity==
Vaillant's works are conserved in the Chantilly Manuscript, which is also the main source for the works of the Papal singers Matheus de Sancto Johanne, Johannes Symonis Hasprois and Johannes Haucourt. This connexion with the Papal group suggests to certain modern scholars that Vaillant may be the same person who entered the Papal chapel at Avignon as ''capellanus'' Johannes Valentis or Valhant on 26 November 1352, during the pontificate of Clement VI. This Vaillant died, still in Papal service, in 1361, probably of bubonic plague. The discovery by Israel Adler, the historian of Hebrew music theory, of an anonymous Hebrew treatise by a Parisian student of Vaillant's shows, in Adler's estimation, that the latter was lecturing the former late into the fourteenth century. A more likely identification of the composer would then be with one of several men with the same name who served John, Duke of Berry (r. 1360–1416), during the latter decades of the century.〔In 1377 there was a "clerk of the offices of the household" (''clerc des offices de l'ostel''), and in 1385 there is first mentioned a secretary (''secretarius'') who became the keeper of the duke's seal in 1387 (Günther).〕 Léopold Delisle made yet a third suggestion: that the composer is the "Poitevin Jean Vaillant" who made an ''abrégé du roman de Brut''—an abridged version of the ''Roman de Brut''—in 1391.
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